Alopecia can be broadly defined as baldness in areas of the body that normally experience hair growth. There are several different types of alopecia, and a dermatologist may be able to help identify what type of alopecia is associated with your hair loss. Unfortunately, there are no known cures for these conditions. However, there are several styles of treatment that can reduce the effects of hair loss. Here are some of the most common forms of alopecia:
- Androgenic alopecia – This form of alopecia is more commonly known as female or male pattern baldness. People with a family history of balding are more likely to experience this form of hair loss, and experts believe it is connected to a person’s genes. Androgenic alopecia is the prevailing condition for premature hair loss.
- Alopecia areata – This type of alopecia is characterized by irregular patches of hair loss. Unlike androgenic alopecia, this condition does not form consistent patterns of hair loss across the scalp, and it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder. The body’s natural defense system suddenly attacks hair follicles all over the body, causing certain ones to stop growing and fall out. Patients usually develop symptoms before the age of 30.
- Alopecia totalis – The total loss of hair on the scalp is known as alopecia totalis. The cause of this condition is poorly understood, but it is believed to be linked to the body’s immune system. Patients with this condition may first notice round patches of hair suddenly falling out and may also have brittle, pitted nails.
- Alopecia universalis – This is the most severe form of alopecia. The condition is characterized by the complete and total loss of all hair on the body, including eyebrows and eyelashes.
- Scarring alopecias – A rare form of alopecia, this type causes the body to replace hair follicles with scar tissue, preventing any hair from ever growing there again. Some patients experience severe pain, while others do not.
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